org.springframework.scheduling.annotation

## 注释类型 EnableAsync

-     @Target(value=TYPE)
       @Retention(value=RUNTIME)
       @Documented
       @Import(value=AsyncConfigurationSelector.class)
      public @interface EnableAsync

  Enables Spring's asynchronous method execution capability, similar to functionality found in Spring's `<task:*>` XML namespace.

  To be used together with @`Configuration` classes as follows, enabling annotation-driven async processing for an entire Spring application context:

       @Configuration
       @EnableAsync
       public class AppConfig {

       }

  `MyAsyncBean` is a user-defined type with one or more methods annotated with either Spring's `@Async` annotation, the EJB 3.1 `@javax.ejb.Asynchronous` annotation, or any custom annotation specified via the `annotation()` attribute. The aspect is added transparently for any registered bean, for instance via this configuration:

       @Configuration
       public class AnotherAppConfig {

           @Bean
           public MyAsyncBean asyncBean() {
               return new MyAsyncBean();
           }
       }

  By default, Spring will be searching for an associated thread pool definition: either a unique `TaskExecutor` bean in the context, or an `Executor` bean named "taskExecutor" otherwise. If neither of the two is resolvable, a `SimpleAsyncTaskExecutor` will be used to process async method invocations. Besides, annotated methods having a `void` return type cannot transmit any exception back to the caller. By default, such uncaught exceptions are only logged.

  To customize all this, implement `AsyncConfigurer` and provide:

  - your own `Executor` through the `getAsyncExecutor()` method, and
  - your own `AsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler` through the `getAsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler()` method.

  NOTE: `AsyncConfigurer` configuration classes get initialized early in the application context bootstrap. If you need any dependencies on other beans there, make sure to declare them 'lazy' as far as possible in order to let them go through other post-processors as well.

       @Configuration
       @EnableAsync
       public class AppConfig implements AsyncConfigurer {

           @Override
           public Executor getAsyncExecutor() {
               ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
               executor.setCorePoolSize(7);
               executor.setMaxPoolSize(42);
               executor.setQueueCapacity(11);
               executor.setThreadNamePrefix("MyExecutor-");
               executor.initialize();
               return executor;
           }

           @Override
           public AsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler getAsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler() {
               return MyAsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler();
           }
       }

  If only one item needs to be customized, `null` can be returned to keep the default settings. Consider also extending from `AsyncConfigurerSupport` when possible.

  Note: In the above example the `ThreadPoolTaskExecutor` is not a fully managed Spring bean. Add the `@Bean` annotation to the `getAsyncExecutor()` method if you want a fully managed bean. In such circumstances it is no longer necessary to manually call the `executor.initialize()` method as this will be invoked automatically when the bean is initialized.

  For reference, the example above can be compared to the following Spring XML configuration:

       <beans>

           <task:annotation-driven executor="myExecutor" exception-handler="exceptionHandler"/>

           <task:executor id="myExecutor" pool-size="7-42" queue-capacity="11"/>

           <bean id="asyncBean" class="com.foo.MyAsyncBean"/>

           <bean id="exceptionHandler" class="com.foo.MyAsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler"/>

       </beans>

  The above XML-based and JavaConfig-based examples are equivalent except for the setting of the thread name prefix of the `Executor`; this is because the `<task:executor>` element does not expose such an attribute. This demonstrates how the JavaConfig-based approach allows for maximum configurability through direct access to actual componentry.

  The `mode()` attribute controls how advice is applied: If the mode is `AdviceMode.PROXY` (the default), then the other attributes control the behavior of the proxying. Please note that proxy mode allows for interception of calls through the proxy only; local calls within the same class cannot get intercepted that way.

  Note that if the mode() is set to `AdviceMode.ASPECTJ`, then the value of the `proxyTargetClass()` attribute will be ignored. Note also that in this case the `spring-aspects` module JAR must be present on the classpath, with compile-time weaving or load-time weaving applying the aspect to the affected classes. There is no proxy involved in such a scenario; local calls will be intercepted as well.

  从以下版本开始:
    3.1
  作者:
    Chris Beams, Juergen Hoeller, Stephane Nicoll, Sam Brannen
  另请参阅:
    `Async`, `AsyncConfigurer`, `AsyncConfigurationSelector`

- - ### 可选元素概要

    可选元素
    限定符和类型 | 可选元素和说明
    --- | ---
    `Class<? extends Annotation>` | `annotation` Indicate the 'async' annotation type to be detected at either class or method level.
    `AdviceMode` | `mode` Indicate how async advice should be applied.
    `int` | `order` Indicate the order in which the `AsyncAnnotationBeanPostProcessor` should be applied.
    `boolean` | `proxyTargetClass` Indicate whether subclass-based (CGLIB) proxies are to be created as opposed to standard Java interface-based proxies.

- - ### 元素详细资料

    - #### annotation

          public abstract Class<? extends Annotation> annotation

      Indicate the 'async' annotation type to be detected at either class or method level.

      By default, both Spring's @`Async` annotation and the EJB 3.1 `@javax.ejb.Asynchronous` annotation will be detected.

      This attribute exists so that developers can provide their own custom annotation type to indicate that a method (or all methods of a given class) should be invoked asynchronously.

      默认值:
        java.lang.annotation.Annotation.class

  - - #### proxyTargetClass

          public abstract boolean proxyTargetClass

      Indicate whether subclass-based (CGLIB) proxies are to be created as opposed to standard Java interface-based proxies.

      Applicable only if the `mode()` is set to `AdviceMode.PROXY`.

      The default is `false`.

      Note that setting this attribute to `true` will affect all Spring-managed beans requiring proxying, not just those marked with `@Async`. For example, other beans marked with Spring's `@Transactional` annotation will be upgraded to subclass proxying at the same time. This approach has no negative impact in practice unless one is explicitly expecting one type of proxy vs. another — for example, in tests.

      默认值:
        false

  - - #### mode

          public abstract AdviceMode mode

      Indicate how async advice should be applied.

      The default is `AdviceMode.PROXY`. Please note that proxy mode allows for interception of calls through the proxy only. Local calls within the same class cannot get intercepted that way; an `Async` annotation on such a method within a local call will be ignored since Spring's interceptor does not even kick in for such a runtime scenario. For a more advanced mode of interception, consider switching this to `AdviceMode.ASPECTJ`.

      默认值:
        org.springframework.context.annotation.AdviceMode.PROXY

  - - #### order

          public abstract int order

      Indicate the order in which the `AsyncAnnotationBeanPostProcessor` should be applied.

      The default is `Ordered.LOWEST_PRECEDENCE` in order to run after all other post-processors, so that it can add an advisor to existing proxies rather than double-proxy.

      默认值:
        2147483647